Vol. 1 · pages 196–200

THOUGHTS ON LINGUISTIC STATES 183 APPENDIX 1 Population by Linguistic Families Language groups No. of languages spoken No. of speakers as mother-tongue and subsidiary 1931 (bilinguals shown twice) No. of speakers 1931 No. of speakers mothertongue only 1931 Difference between columns 4 and 5 (increase in 1931 + decrease in 1931 –) Difference between columns 4 and 3 (increase + decrease –) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A—Language of India and Burma .. 225 366,430,537 315,525,177 349,887,527 + 94,362,350 + 50,905,360 (i) Austric Languages— 1. Indonesian languages .. 2 6,542 5,561 6,542 + 981 +981 2. Mon-Khmer languages .. 10 734,204 549,917 726,578 + 176,661 + 184,287 3. Munda languages* .. 7 4,710,685 3,973,873 4,609,588 + 635,715 + 736,812 (ii) Tibeto-Chinese languages— 1. Tibeto-Burman languages .. 128 14,167,611 11,959,011 12,982,840 + 1,023,829 + 2,208,600 2. Tai-Chinese languages .. 11 1,150,220 926,335 1,027,656 + 101,321 + 223,885 3. Man and Karen languages* .. 17 1,351,291 1,114,617 1,342,278 + 227,661 + 236,674 (iii) Dravidian languages— 1. Dravida languages . .. 7 47,032,874 37,285,594 41,454,593 + 4,168,999 + 9,747,280 2. Intermediate languages .. 5 3,661,277 3,056,598 3,609,418 + 552,820 + 604,679 3. Andhra language .. 1 28,195,824 23,601,492 26,373,727 + 2,772,235 + 4,594,332 4. N.W. language .. 1 231,581 184,368 207,049 + 22,681 + 47,213

184 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR : WRITINGS AND SPEECHES APPENDIX 1 —contd. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (iv) Indo-European languages— 1. Eranian languages .. 3 2,457,134 1,981,675 2,270,466 + 288,791 + 475,459 2. Dardic languages .. 5 1,354,031 1,304,319 1,522,936 + 218,617 + 238,712 3. Indo-Aryan languages .. 19 261,105,909 229,560,555 253,699,403 + 24,138,848 + 31,545,354 (v) Unclassed languages— 1. Andamanese .. 2 466 580 466 +114 –114 2. Burushaski .. 1 26,076 .... 26,076 + 26,076 + 26,076 3. Gipsy dialects † .. 6 25,999 15,018 25,999 + 10,981 + 10,981 4. Languages not returned and unspecified. .... ‡ 29,813 5,664 2,912 + 3,752 + 24,149 B—Languages of other Asiatic countries and Africa. 17 305,386 211,894 302,324 + 90,430 + 93,492 C—Languages of Europe .. 10 452,099 319,112 339,706 + 20,594 + 132,987 *The correct classification of these two languages is doubtful. Pizyluski treats them as Tai (Meillet and Cohen, langues du Monde 380), but it is probable they have Austric affinities. †These dialects are drawn from various Indian languages and contain such diverse elements that they cannot fairly be allotted t o one family rather than another. ‡Includes Hill and aboriginal subsidiary languages (27,841).

THOUGHTS ON LINGUISTIC STATES 185 APPENDIX 2 Area and Population of States of United States of America Name of State Area sq. miles Population Est. 1944 1 23 1. Alabama .. .. .. 51,609 2,818,083 2. Arirona .. .. .. 113,909 638,412 3. Arkansas .. .. .. 53,102 1,776,446 4. California .. .. .. 158,693 8,746,989 5. Colorado .. .. .. 104,247 1,147,269 6. Connecticut .. .. .. 5,009 1,176,807 7. Delaware .. .. .. 2,057 283,802 8. Florida .. .. .. 58,560 3,367,217 9. Georgia .. .. .. 58,876 3,223,727 10 Idaho .. .. .. 83,557 531,573 11. Illinois .. .. .. 56,400 7,729,720 12. Indiana .. .. .. 36,291 3,419,707 13. Jowa .. .. .. 56,280 2,269,759 14. Kansas .. .. .. 82,276 1,774,447 15. Kentucky .. .. .. 40,395 2,630,194 16. Louisiana .. .. .. 48,523 2,535,385 17. Maine .. .. .. 33,215 793,600 18. Maryland .. .. .. 10,577 2,127,874 19. Massachusetts .. .. .. 8,257 4,162,815 20. Michigan .. .. .. 58,216 5,429,641 21. Minnesota .. .. .. 84,008 2,508,663 22. Mississippi .. .. .. 47,716 2,175,877 23. Missouri .. .. .. 69,674 3,589,538 24. Montana .. .. .. 147,138 464,999 25. Nebraska .. .. .. 77,237 1,213,792 26. Nevada .. .. .. 110,540 156,445 27. New Hampshire .. .. 9,304 457,231 28. New Jersey .. .. .. 7,836 4,167,840 29. New Mexico .. .. .. 121,666 532,212 30. New York .. .. .. 49,576 12,632,890 31. North Caroline .. .. 52,712 3,534,545 32. North Dakota .. .. 70,665 528,071 33. Ohio .. .. .. 41,222 638,667