Vol. 1 · pages 206–210

THOUGHTS ON LINGUISTIC STATES 191 APPENDIX 6 Budgetary Position of the States on Revenue Account PART ‘B’ STATES (Crores of Rupees) 1950-51 1951-52 1952-53 1953-54 †(R.E.) 1954-55 (B.E.) Revenue .. .. .. .. 93 33 106.70 108.12 112.21 121.76 Expenditure .. .. .. .. 81.93 100.53 105.88 115.85 127.65 Surplus (+) or deficit (–) .. .. .. (+) 1.45 (+) 6.17 (+) 3.24 (–) 3.64 (–) 5.89 Surplus (+) or deficit (–) (excluding transfers from and to Revenue Reserve Funds). (+) 1.45 (+) 5.97 (+) 3.24 (–) 3.64 (–) 5.89 † Figures for 1953-54 include budget estimates for the composite State of Madras and revised estimates are available for later six months only. APPENDIX 7 Central Revenues (Selected Years) 1921-22 1936-37 1938-39 1944-45 1953-54 (R.E.) Total Revenue* .. .. 80.00 100 81.45 100 82.90 100 334.40 100 394.34 100 Customs (net) .. .. 31.61 39.5 38.11 46.8 40.51 48.9 39.77 11.9 160.00 40.6 Taxes on income (net) .. .. 18.74 23.4 15.33 18.8 13.74 16.6 80.52 24.1 69.31 17.6 Corporation tax .. .. ..... .... .... .... 2.04 2.5 84.22 25.2 38.40 9.7 Central excise duties (net) .. .. 2.80 3.5 13.35 16.4 8.66 10.5 38.14 11.4 78.00 19.8 Salt duty .. .. .. 6.34 7.9 8.81 10.8 8.12 9.8 9.29 2.8 .... .... Commercial Departments— Railways (net contribution) .. (–)9.09 ..... .... .... 1.37 1.7 32.00 9.6 7.50 1.9 Posts & Telegraphs (net) .. .. .. .... ..... 0.14 0.2 0.19 0.2 10.25 3.1 2.02 0.5 * Total revenue includes net receipts under opium, irrigation, forests, electricity and road transport schemes. Figures for 1921-22 and 1936-37 are inclusive of those for Burma. Figures for 1938-39 and 1944-45 relate to undivided India.

192 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR : WRITINGS AND SPEECHES APPENDIX 8 Population of the Indian Union by Communities Hindus Muslims Population Scheduled Castes Others Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females Persons Males Females 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Madras .. 49,841 24,800 25,040 8,152 4,064 4,088 35,095 17,466 17,630 3,927 1,939 1,987 Bombay .. 29,384 15,184 14,200 2,526 1,217 1,256 20,691 10,680 10,011 2,463 1,321 1,142 West Bengal .. 21,837 11,834 10,003 3,520 1,847 1,673 11,206 6,160 5,046 5,544 3,011 2,533 United Provinces .. 56,346 29,542 26,804 11,931 6,128 5,803 34,923 18,411 16,512 8,692 4,574 4,117 East Punjab .. 12,697 6,853 5,844 1,028 540 487 4,489 2,435 2,053 4,427 2,380 2,047 Bihar .. 36,546 18,325 18,220 4,344 2,135 2,209 22,263 11,252 11,010 4,719 2,340 2,379 C.P. & Berar .. 19,948 9,845 9,802 3,310 1,639 1,671 10,920 5,491 5,428 811 425 387 Assam .. 7,685 4,068 3,617 377 203 174 2,885 1,564 1,321 1.754 939 815 Orissa .. 13,768 6,706 7,062 1,865 906 956 8,187 3,963 4,224 166 81 85 Ajmer .. 589 310 279 1 0.5 0.5 380 198 182 90 49 41 Andaman & Nicobar 34 21 12 .... .... .... 8 6 3 8 6 2 Islands. Bilaspur .. 110 57 53 16 8 7 93 48 45 1 0.8 0.6

THOUGHTS ON LINGUISTIC STATES 193 APPENDIX 8 —contd. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Bhopal .. 785 410 375 187 96 91 410 215 195 110 59 51 Coorg .. 169 92 76 26 15 11 105 56 49 14 9 6 Cutch .. 501 239 262 39 19 20 279 135 144 117 57 60 Delhi .. 918 535 383 123 69 53 445 262 182 305 176 128 Himachal Pradesh .. 935 495 441 229 120 109 672 356 316 29 16 13 Manipur .. 512 249 263 ... ... ... 304 148 156 30 15 15 Tripura .. 513 272 241 12 6 6 336 178 158 124 66 57 Vindya Pradesh .. 3,569 1,819 1,750 399 202 197 2,851 1,455 1,397 95 49 46 Madhya Bharat .. 7,141 3,734 3,407 437 221 216 5,025 2,648 2,377 475 251 224 P.E.P.S.U. .. 3,424 1,868 1,557 214 112 102 978 530 448 899 483 416 Rajasthan .. 13,085 6,868 6,217 ... ... ... 9,878 5,196 4,682 1,256 663 593 Saurashtra .. 3,556 1,809 1,747 242 122 120 2,737 1,402 1,336 436 220 226 Travancore Cochin .. 7,493 3,742 3,751 537 269 268 3,902 1,931 1,971 543 276 268 Hyderabad .. 16,339 8,347 7,992 2,928 1,487 1,442 10,382 5,303 5,073 2,097 1,080 1,017 Kashmir .. 4,022 2,130 1,892 113 61 53 694 369 325 3,074 1,627 1,446 Mysore .. 7,329 3,763 3,566 1,405 723 682 5,282 2,702 2,580 485 258 227

194 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR : WRITINGS AND SPEECHES APPENDIX 9 Statistics of Chief Castes Caste Strength Where chiefly found Agri .. .. 265,285 Bombay. Ahar, Ahir, Gopi, Goshi, Goala, Golla, Gowari, Gaura, Kavundan Idaiyan. 14,170,032 Most Provinces. Ahom .. .. 249,434 Assam Arain, Kunjra, Koeri, Kachhi, Murao. 5,048,849 Most Provinces. Arora, Bhansali, Lohana .. 1,499,407 Baluchistan, Bombay, N.W.F.P. Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir, W. I. States. Babhan, Bhuinhar .. 1,113,541 Bihar and Orissa, U.P.C.P. Baidya .. .. 110,739 Bengal. Baiga, Bhaina, Binjwar, Bharia, Kadar, Bhumia, Bhunjia, Bhuiya,Ghatwar,Naiya, Pao. 1,050,760 Bengal, Bihar and Orissa, C.P., C.I., Rajputana, Sikkim. Bairagi .. .. 838,285 Most Provinces. Baloch .. .. 1,333,215 Baluchistan, Bombay, Punjab, N.W.F.P. Baniya, Bhatia, Chetti, Khatri, Kamati (Vaishya). 5,176,383 Most Provinces. Banjara, Lumbadi, Labana, Lamani. 951,022 Bombay, C.P., C.I., GwaliorHyderabad, Mysore, Raj putana. Baria, Bhalia, Chodhra, Gedia, Khant, Koli, Kotwal, Naikda, Patclia, Patanwadia, Thakarda, Talabda, Valvi. 3,418,643 Most Provinces. Bauri, Bagdi .. .. 1,671,481 Bengal, Bihar and O rissa, Rajputana. Bawaria, Bavuri, Baori, Bagari, Vagri, Badhik. 309,720 Most Provinces. Bayar, Barmanu, Dhangar, Musahar. 811,746 Bengal, Bihar and Orissa, U.P., Central India. Bedar, Boya .. 991,536 Bombay, Madras, Hyderabad, C. P.

THOUGHTS ON LINGUISTIC STATES 195 APPENDIX 9 —contd. Caste Strength Where chiefly found Bhandari. Idiga, Iruvan, Siyal .. 1,253,403 Bihar and Or issa, Cochin, Mysore, Madras, Travancore, Rajputana, Baroda. Bhangi .. .. 797,599 Ajmer-Merwara, Bombay, U.P., Baroda, Gwalior, Rajputana, W. I. States. Bharwad, Dhangar, Gadariya Kuruba. 1,816,283 Most Provinces. Bhat, Barhmabhatt, Charan Jasondhi. 397,274 Most Provinces. Bhatra, Pardhana, Parja .. 353,183 Madras, C.P. and Berar. Bhil, Barela Bhilala. Dhanka, Mankar, Mavchi, Pathia, Rathia, Tadvi. 1,454,144 Most Provinces. Bhisti, Bhoi, Dhimar, Jhinwar, Kahar, Machhi, Tiyar. 3,575,941 Most Provinces. Bohra .. .. 212,752 Bombay, Baroda, C.I.,Gwalior, C.P., Rajputana, W.I. States Travancore. Brahman .. .. 15,207,277 Most Provinces. Brahui .. .. 224,415 Baluchistan, Bombay. Chamar, Khalpa, Samagara .. 12,195,516 Most Provinces. Chasa, Raju .. 835,236 Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. Chasi, Kajbartta (Mahisya) .. 2,381,266 Bengal. Chuhra .. .. 721,981 N.W.F. Prov. Punjab, Delhi. Dhanuk, Kandra .. 758,671 Bihar and Or issa, Bengal, C.P., C.I., Ajmer-Merwara, Rajputana, Delhi, Gwalior. Dhobi, Parit, Vanran, Velutte-dan. 3,161,428 Most Provinces. Dom, Dombar, Bansphor Dharkar, Dholi. 907,776 Most Provinces. Dhor, Chakkliyan .. 671,926 Bombay, C.P., Madras, Cochin, Travancore, W.I. States. Dusadh .. .. 1,400,878 Bengal, Bihar and Orissa, U.P.