Vol. 1 · pages 401–405

CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF INDIA PROPOSED PREAMBLE We the people of the territories of British India distributed into administrative units called Provinces and Centrally Administered Areas and of the territories of the Indian States with a view to form a more perfect union of these territories do— ordain that the Provinces and the Centrally Administered Areas (to be hereafter designated as States) and the Indian States shall be joined together into a Body Politic for Legislative, Executive and Administrative purposes under the style The United States of India and that the union so formed shall be indissoluble and that with a view : (i) to secure the blessings both of self-government and good government throughout the united States of India to ourselves and to our posterity, (ii) to maintain the right of every subject to life, liberty and pursuit of happiness and to free speech and free exercise of religion, (iii) to remove social, political and economic inequality by providing better opportunities to the submerged classes, (iv) to make it possible for every subject to enjoy freedom from want and freedom from fear, and (v) to provide against internal disorder and external aggression, establish this Constitution for the United States of India. (For explanation, see page 405)

388 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR : WRITINGS AND SPEECHES PROPOSED ARTICLE I DETAILED ANALYSIS Article I, Section I— Admission of Indian States into the Union : Clause 1. Qualified Indian States and their admission into the Union. Clause 2. Relation of Qualified Indian States which have not entered the Union and of the Disqualified Indian States to the United States of India. Clause 3. Power of the United States of India to reorganise the territory of the Disqualified Indian States into suitable Administrative Units with a view to qualify them for admission into the Union as States of the Union. Clause 4. Formation of new States within the Union. Article I, Section II— United States of India and New Territory : Clause 1. Incorporation of Foreign States into the Union. Clause 2. Acquisition of new territory by the United States of India and its retention as unincorporated territory of the Union.

STATES AND MINORITIES 389 ARTICLE I—Section I ADMISSION OF INDIAN STATES INTO THE UNION Clause I The United States of India may, on application and on fulfilment of the terms prescribed by an Enabling Act of the Union Legislature laying down the form of the Constitution admit an Indian State into the Union provided the Indian State seeking admission is a Qualified State. For the purposes of this clause a list of Qualified Indian States shall be drawn up. A State shall not be deemed to be a Qualified State unless it is proved that it is of a standard size prescribed by the Union Legislature and is endowed with natural resources capable of supporting a descent standard of living for its people and can, by reason of its revenues and population function as an autonomous State, protect itself against external aggression, maintain Law and Order against internal disturbance and guarantee to its subjects minimum standards of administration and welfare which are expected from a modern State. Clause 2 The territory of an Indian State which is a Qualified State but which has not entered the Union and the territory of the Indian States which are disqualified shall be treated as incorporated territories of the United States of India and shall at all times form integral parts thereof and shall be subject to such parts of the Constitution of the United States of India as may be prescribed by the Union Legislature. Clause 3 The United States of India shall have power to reform, rearrange, redistribute and amalgamate the territories of Disqualified Indian States into suitable Administrative Units for admission into the Union as States of the Union. Clause 4 After a State has been admitted into the Union as a State no new State shall be formed or created within its jurisdiction nor any new State shall be formed by the junction of two or more States or parts of States without the consent of the Legislatures of the States concerned as well as of the Union Legislature. ARTICLE I—Section II Clause 1 The United States of India may admit into the Union any territory which forms a natural part of India or which is on the border of India on terms For explanation, see page 405

390 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR : WRITINGS AND SPEECHES and conditions mutually agreed upon. Provided that the terms shall not be inconsistent with the Constitution of the United States of India and the admission is recommended by the Legislatures of one half of the States comprising the United States of India in the form of a resolution. Clause 2 The United States of India may acquire territory and may treat it as unincorporated territory. The provisions of the Constitution of the United States of India shall not apply to the unincorporated territory unless a provision to the contrary is made by the Legislature of the United States of India. (For explanation, see page 406)