Vol. 9 · pages 381–385

352 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR : WRITINGS AND SPEECHES men who are appointed to administer the Law. The Working Committee of the All-India Scheduled Castes Federation is convinced that the Scheduled Castes can never get protection, justice or sympathy from the present administration which is controlled by men full of caste consciousness, narrow-mindedness, absence of sense of justice and having a hatred and contempt for the Scheduled Castes. The Working Committee, therefore, demands that the Constitution must recognize the right of the Scheduled Castes to reservation in the Public Services in the same proportion as may be applied to the claims of the Muslim Community. RESOLUTION NO. 10 SUBJECT :—Provision for Education. The Working Committee of the All-India Scheduled Castes Federation feels that unless persons belonging to the Scheduled Castes are able to occupy posts which carry executive authority, the Scheduled Castes must continue to suffer, as they have been doing in the past all the injustices and indignities from the hands of the Government and the Public. The Working Committee, therefore, regards the spread of higher and advanced education among the Scheduled Castes as of vital importance to them. But, it cannot be denied that such advanced education is beyond the means of the Scheduled Castes. The Committee regards it as essential that a definite liability in this behalf should be imposed on the State to provide funds for that purpose and demands that the Constitution should impose an obligation upon the Provincial Governments and the Central Government to set apart adequate sums, as may be specified by the Constitution, exclusively for advanced education of the Scheduled Castes in their annual budgets and to accept such provisions as a first charge on their revenues. RESOLUTION NO. 11 SUBJECT :—Separate Settlements. The Working Committee of the All-India Scheduled Castes Federation holds:— (a) that so long as the Scheduled Castes continue to live on the outskirts of the Hindu village, as an alien people, with no source of livelihood and in small numbers as compared to Hindus, they will continue to remain Untouchables and subject to the tyranny and oppression of the Hindus and will not be able to enjoy free and full life, and

353 WHAT CONGRESS AND GANDHI HAVE DONE TO THE UNTOUCHABLES : APPENDIX XI (b) that for the better protection of the Scheduled Castes from the tyranny and oppression of the Caste Hindus, which may take a worse form under Swaraj, and to enable the Scheduled Castes to develop to their fullest manhood, to give them economic and social security as also to pave the way for the removal of untouchability, the Working Committee demands that the Constitution should provide— (1) For the transplantation of the Scheduled Castes from their present habitations and form separate Scheduled Caste villages away from and independent of Hindu villages; (2) For the settlement of the Scheduled Castes in new villages a provision shall be made by the Constitution for the establishment of a Settlement Commission ; (3) All Government land which is cultivable and which is not occupied and land which may be reclaimed shall be handed over to the Commission to be held in trust for the purpose of making new settlements of the Scheduled Castes. (4) The Commission shall be empowered to purchase new land under the Land Acquisition Act from private owners to complete the scheme of settlements of the Scheduled Castes. (5) The Constitution shall provide that the Central Government shall grant to the Settlement Commission a minimum sum of rupees five crores per annum to enable it to carry out their duty in this behalf. RESOLUTION NO. 12 “The Working Committee of the A.I.S.C. Federation unanimously resolves that it places its complete confidence in Dr. B. R. Ambedkar and authorises him to negotiate on its behalf and oil behalf of Scheduled Castes with other political parties or their leaders as and when necessity arises.”

354 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR : WRITINGS AND SPEECHES APPENDIX XII Communed Distribution of Population by Minorities in the Provinces of British India. Province Total Population Muslims Scheduled Castes Indian Christians Sikhs Population Per- cent- age Population Per- cent- age Population Per- cent- age Population Per- cent- age Ajmere-Merwara … … 583,693 89,899 15.4 Nil(?) — 3,895 .8 867 .15 Andaman Nicobar … … 33,768 8,005 23.7 Nil — 779 2.3 744 2.2 Assam … … … … 10,204,733 3,442,479 33.7 676,291 6.6 37,750 .4 3,464 .03 British Baluchistan … … 501,631 438,930 87.5 5,102 1.0 2,633 .5 11,918 2.3 Bengal … … … … 60,306,525 33,005,434 54.7 7,878,970 13.0 110,923 .2 16,281 .03 Bihar* … … … … 36,340,151 4,716,314 12.9 4,840,379 13.3 24,693 07 13,213 .04 Bombay … … … 20,849,840 1,920,368 9.2 1,855,148 8.9 338,812 1.6 8,011 .04 Central Province & Ber r† … 16,813,584 783,697 4.7 3,051,413 18.1 48,260 .3 14,996 .09 Coorg … … … … 168,726 14,780 8.8 25,740 15.3 3,309 2.0 Nil — Delhi … … … … 917,939 304,971 33.2 121,693 13.3 10,494 1.1 16,154 1.8 Madras … … … … 49,341,810 3,896,452 7.9 8,068,492 16.4 2,001,082 4.06 418 .001 N.W.F.P … … … 3,038,067 2,788,797 91.8 Nil — 5,426 .2 57,989 1.9 Orissa … … … … 8,728,544 146,301 1.7 1,238,171 14.2 26,584 .3 232 .003 Punjab … … … 28,418,819 16,217,242 57.0 1,248,635 4.4 486,038 1.7 3,757,401 13.2 Pant Piploda … … … 5,267 251 4.8 918 17.4 216 4.1 Nil — Sind … … … … 4,229,221 3,054,635 72.2 191,634 4-5 13,232 .3 31,011 .7 United Provinces ‡ … … … … 55,020,617 8,416,308 15.3 11,717,158 21.3 131,327 .2 232,445 .4 Total … … 295,502,935 79,344,863 26.9 40,919,744 13.9 3,245,453 1 4,155,147 1 *Bihar … … … … 28,823,802 4,168,470 14.4 3,919,619 13.6 12,651 .04 3,204 .01 Chota Nagpur … … 7,516,349 547,844 7.3 420,760 5.6 12,042 .2 10,009 .1 ‡C.P … … … … 13,208,718 448,528 3.4 2,359,836 17.9 42,135 .3 12,766 .1 Berar … … … … 3,604,866 335,169 9.3 691,577 19.2 6,125 .2 2,230 .05 Agra … … … … 40,906,147 6,231,062 15.2 8,018,803 19.6 120,549 .3 226,096 .5 Oudh … … … … 14,114,470 2,185,246 15.5 3,698,355 26.2 10,778 .08 6,349 .05

355 WHAT CONGRESS AND GANDHI HAVE DONE TO THE UNTOUCHABLES : APPENDIX XIII APPENDIX XIII Communal Distribution of Population by Minorities in Indian States States and Agencies Total Population Muslims Scheduled Castes Indian Christians Sikhs Population Per- cent- age Population Per- cent- age Population Per- cent- age Population Per- cent- age Assam ... ... ... ... 725,655 31,662 4.4 265 .04 25,913 3.6 381 .05 Baluchistan ... ... ... 356,204 346,251 97.2 65 .02 40 .01 126 .04 Baroda ... ... ... ... 2,855,010 223,610 7.8 230,794 8.1 9,182 .3 566 .02 Bengal ... ... ... ... 2,144,829 372,113 17.3 269,729 12.6 564 .03 28 .001 Central India ... ... ... 7,506,427 439,850 5.9 1,027,009 13.7 7,582 .1 2,731 .04 Chattisgarh ... ... ... 4,050,000 28.773 0.7 483,132 11.9 11,820 .3 507 .01 Cochin ... ... ... ... 1,422,875 109,188 7.7 141,154 9.9 399,394 28.1 9 — Deccan (and Kolhapur) ... 2,785,428 182,036 6.5 306,898 11.0 17,236 .6 22 .001 Gujarat ... ... ... 1,458,702 58,000 3.9 55,204 3.8 4,215 .3 182 .01 Gwalior ... ... ... 4,006,159 240,903 6.0 — — 1,352 .03 2,342 .06 Hyderabad ... ... ... 16,338,534 2,097,475 12.8 2,928,048 17.9 215,989 1.3 5,330 .03 Kashmere and Feudatories ... 4,021,616 3,073.540 76.4 113,464 2.8 3,079 .08 65,903 1.6 Madras ... ... ... 498,754 30,263 6.0 83,734 16.8 20,806 4.2 5 — Mysore ... ... ... 7,329,140 485,230 6.6 1,405,067 19.2 98,580 1.3 269 .004 N.W.F.P ... ... ... 46,267 22,068 47.7 Nil — 571 1.2 4,472 9.1 Orissa ... ... ... ... 3,023,731 14,355 0.47 352,088 11.6 2,249 .07 151 .005 Punjab ... ... ... 5,503,554 2,251,459 40.9 349,962 6.4 6,952 .1 1,342,685 24.4 Punjab Hill ... ... ... 1,090,644 46,678 4.3 238,774 21.9 188 .02 17,739 1.6 Rajputana ... ... ... 13,670,208 1,297,841 9.5 — — 4,349 .03 81,896 .6 Sikkim ... ... ... 121,520 83 0.07 76 .06 34 .03 1 — Travancore ... ... ... ... 6,070,018 434,150 7.2 395,952 6.5 1,958,491 32.3 31 — U. P. ... ... ... … 928,470 273,625 29.5 152,927 16.5 1,281 .1 731 .08 Western India ... ... ... 4,904,156 600,440 12.2 358,038 7.3 3,105 0.6 239 .005 Total ... ... 90,857,901 12,659,593 13.9 8,892,380 9.7 2,792,972 3.1 1,526,346 1.7

356 DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR : WRITINGS AND SPEECHES APPENDIX XIV Particulars of Scheduled Castes Constituencies in regard to seats and voting strength Province by Province :— Appendix XIV : (1) Madras ” ” (2) Bombay ” ” (3) Bengal ” ” (4) U. P. ” ” (5) Punjab ” ” (6) Bihar ” ” (7) C. P. & Berar. ” ” (8) Assam ” ” (9) Orissa